Kanji Dictionary

Vocabulary

研ぐtogu(1)to sharpen, to hone, to whet, to grind, (2)to wash (rice), (3)to scour, to polish, to burnish godan, verb, vtrans

polish, study of, sharpen
Readings: ken, to.gu, nori
Main radical: 石 (112) Strokes: 9 picture (png) | animation (svg) | table (svg)

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研究開発所 kenkyuukaihatsusho R & D centershigoto

研究所 kenkyuujo research establishment (institute, laboratory, etc.); research establishment (institute, laboratory, etc.)all, gakkou, shigoto

研究者 kenkyuusha researchershigoto

研究室 kenkyuushitsu study (room)jlpt4

研究 kenkyuu study, researchjlpt3, jlpt4

研修 kenshuu training (esp. in-service), induction coursesuru

Verb is godan, transitive

		positive	negative
present indicative	plain	togu	toganai
present indicative	polite	togimasu	togimasen
present progressive	plain	toide iru	toide inai
present progressive	polite	toide imasu	toide imasen
past indicative	plain	toida	toganakatta
past indicative	polite	togimashita	togimasen deshita
presumptive	plain	togou togu darou	toganai darou
presumptive	polite	togimashou togu deshou	toganai deshou
past presumptive	plain	toidarou toida darou	toganakatta darou
past presumptive	polite	toida deshou	toganakatta deshou
imperative	plain	toge	togu na
imperative	polite	toide kudasai	toganaide kudasai
provisional	plain	togeba	toganakereba
conditional	plain	toidara	toganakattara
conditional	polite	togimashitara	togimasen deshitara
potential	plain	togeru	togenai
potential	polite	togemasu	togemasen
causative	plain	togaseru
past causative	plain	togaseta
passive	plain	togareru
past passive	plain	togareta
passive causative	plain	togaserareru togasareru
past passive causative	plain	togaserareta
desiderative	plain	togitai
past desiderative	plain	togitakatta
gerundium		toide